The Evolution of Language and Nomenclature in Accessibility: A Look at 'Handicapped'

Introduction
The use of specific terms in society can reflect and influence attitudes towards different groups. When it comes to people with disabilities, the term 'handicapped' has stirred debate and controversy. Understanding why this term is often avoided, and exploring alternatives such as 'physically challenged' and 'differently abled,' can shed light on the importance of language and inclusive communication.

The Term 'Handicapped': A Historical Perspective

Originally, the term 'handicapped' gained traction as a euphemism during the mid-20th century, intended to soften the impact of disabilities on individuals. It was derived from earlier times when 'handicapped' referred to something that constituted a handicap in a game or contest. However, over time, this term has come to carry more negative connotations, reflecting social stigmas and general discomfort with discussions around disability.

Criticism of the Term 'Handicapped'

Pejorative Connotations
Despite its initial attempt at being a respectful term, 'handicapped' has become increasingly criticized for its pejorative undertones. Criticism of the term often arises from its association with the concept of a 'handicap' - a condition that places an individual at a disadvantage. This can be seen as an oversimplification and undermines the complex nature of disabilities and the humanity of those affected by them.

Alternatives to 'Handicapped'

Differently Abled
One of the most popular alternatives to 'handicapped' is 'differently abled.' This term emphasizes the uniqueness and diversity of each individual, rather than categorizing them as 'handicapped.' It highlights the capacity for individuals to have different abilities and contributes to a more positive and inclusive perspective on disability.

Physically Challenged
Another term that has been suggested is 'physically challenged.' This term is often used in formal or medical contexts. While it doesn't carry the same negative connotations as 'handicapped,' it still places emphasis on the challenge or limitation, rather than the person's abilities. This term can be seen as a more cautious alternative, but it does not fully capture the inclusive spirit that some advocates seek.

Case Study: The Experience of a Company in the 1980s

The mid-1980s saw a company working on a document processing machine that sorted bank checks. In sourcing materials from suppliers, the company decided to work with Goodwill Industries based on their commitment to hiring individuals with disabilities. During a visit, the company apologized for using the term 'retard pad,' which in this context meant 'slow down.' This anecdote illustrates how language can directly influence business practices and attitudes, and how an understanding of the terms used can foster positive relationships and inclusive practices.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the term 'handicapped' has faced increasing scrutiny and criticism, primarily due to its negative connotations and the oversimplified viewpoint it implies. Alternatives like 'differently abled' and 'physically challenged' offer more positive and inclusive language. By choosing our words carefully, we can foster a society that values and respects the diversity of abilities and contributions of all individuals.

Keywords: handicapped, differently abled, inclusive language