Why Are Australian Cities So Geographically Big: A Comprehensive Guide
In the vast expanse of Australia, where geographical largeness often defines urban areas, there is a unique landscape that sets these cities apart. This article delves into the reasons behind the large geographic footprint of Australian cities, exploring urban planning and development, population distribution, geography and climate, historical factors, and infrastructure and transportation. For a contrasting perspective, we also discuss the case of Adelaide, a uniquely smaller city in South Australia.Urban Planning and Development
Australian cities have been designed with a focus on spaciousness, incorporating large residential areas, parks, and open spaces. This planning approach aims to enhance the quality of life for residents and support outdoor activities. The extensive use of green spaces and parks not only beautifies the city but also provides recreational areas and improves air quality, contributing to a healthier living environment.
Population Distribution
Despite being a large country with a relatively low population density, Australia's cities are spread out over vast areas. This is partly due to the low population density, allowing for suburbs to extend far from the city center. The distribution of population across the country leads to cities stretching across larger areas, accommodating both urban and suburban living.
Geography and Climate
The vast open spaces, deserts, and unique landscapes in Australia influence urban development. The climate, particularly in regions like the outback, is another significant factor. Urban layouts often extend to cope with environmental factors such as extreme temperatures and dust storms, necessitating more expansive designs to provide shelter and infrastructure for residents.
Historical Factors
The history of urban development in Australia is marked by significant land grants and the establishment of towns that were often spread out rather than densely packed. This historical context has led to larger city footprints. In the early days, the size of cities was influenced by the availability of land and the desire for expansive town planning, setting a precedent that is still evident today.
Infrastructure and Transportation
The development of road networks and public transport systems has played a crucial role in the geographic extent of Australian cities. Improved transportation infrastructure has facilitated the spread of urban areas, allowing people to live further from city centers while still commuting to work and accessing amenities. Commuter rail networks and highways have made it feasible for residents to live in suburbs that are many kilometers away from the city center.
One notable example is Adelaide, a city in South Australia, which stands in contrast to the larger cities like Sydney and Melbourne. The CBD (Central Business District) of Adelaide is a relatively modest 10.5 kilometers squared, whereas New York City (NYC) is over 1213.37 kilometers squared. The size of Adelaide is more attributable to its surrounding suburbia, which continues to grow north and south along the coastline. South Australians, including residents of Adelaide, still appreciate personal space, unlike city dwellers in the eastern states of Sydney and Melbourne. The traditional preference for large family homes with a block of land and front and rear yards remains strong in Adelaide.
Conclusion
The reasons behind the large geographic size of Australian cities are complex and multifaceted, involving a combination of urban planning, population distribution, geographical influences, historical context, and modern infrastructure. While some cities, like Adelaide, offer a more compact urban core, the overall trend is towards expansive urban designs that prioritize space and comfort for residents.